Mica Dark feature for children around the world. General information about granite arrays
Stone - material created by the most demanding architect, nature itself.
Natural stone is one of the most popular materials in the modern world. The stone has wonderful operational properties: resistant to humidity, temperature drops, durable, durable. Having ensured proper care products, you will receive a durable and impressive beauty. From the stone you can make various elements of cladding, tile, various borders, other decor elements.
The tabletop from marble will give charm the dining room, granite window sills will create a living unity with plants that are often decorated with windows. Stone decoration of walls and gender will make it possible to create a unique space that will be filled with nature and create live energy in the house.
Granite and marble as ancient times were used by people. The Egyptians, when building their famous pyramids, used granite, marble as the basis, and a natural stone was used for the decoration.
Passed century, but granite, marble, and a natural stone Not at all lost their relevance. Natural stone, granite and marble are still widely used in various areas of modern human life.
The most common mountain breed is granite. It includes such mountain minerals as quartz, feldspar, Mica, and externally granite is a stone with a fairly large grainy structure. This stone is quite diverse in its colors and shades. Used for the manufacture of decor elements, and for objects withstanding large load. Often, the granite is made racks, tables, it is used for outdoor decoration.
Granite refers to the number of the most common natural facing stones and ranks first among other species natural stone on decorativeness, high strength and possibility of obtaining large blocks.
Granite is the most common rock in the continental earth crust. This is a red-crystalline large, medium- or fine-grained massive erupted breed formed as a result of slow cooling and solidification at the great depth of the magmatic melt. Granite can also be formed in metamorphism, as a result of the processes of granitization of various breeds. Separate granite arrays are often attributed to the magmatic, then metamorphic, and even mixed origin.
Granite color is predominantly light gray, but there are also pink, red, yellow and even green (amazonite) granites. The structure is usually uniform, most grains have wrong shape Due to the cramped growth in mass crystallization. Porphyrene granites are found, in which large crystals of field spasps, quartz and mica are distinguished against the background of a finely or medium-sized majority.
Granite, as a rule, has a grainy structure: from finely to coarse-grained
Granite - a complex natural natural stone. Mainly formed from wild spa, mica and quartz
NAME
Granite (from lat. Granum - Grain)
COLOR
Depending on the proportional combination of minerals, various colors acquire. It has a rich color gamut: from black - to traditional red-burgundy with black - to white with gray.
By the way, the effect of "spotting" creates precisely field swop and quartz.
Granite is coarse-grained, medium and small grain. This amazing stone has a rich color gamut: from a traditional red-burgundy version in black clock to white with gray splashes (and vice versa).
The most common granites are gray ("Siberian", Gray Quenna) and black (Absolute Black, Nero Africa), but there are also breeds of pink-red (Rosso Marina), White (Mansurovsky), Yellow ("Hilta") and green ( Forest Green) Tones.
PLACE OF BIRTH
Granites - a widespread breed, found on all the continent of our planet.
In the US, granites are distributed along the coast Atlantic Ocean (from the state of Maine in the north to the state of Georgia in the south), lay large arrays in the north of the country, in the central part of the Ozark Plateau, in the Black Hills mountains and the advanced Rocky Mountains Ridge.
In Russia, there are about 50 granite deposits suitable for use as a piece stone, as well as boot and rubble, - on the Karelian Isthmus, in the sacrifice and liking, Arkhangelsk and Voronezh regions, in the Urals, in Primorye and the Khabarovsk Territory, East Transbaikalia.
Large deposit of granite is in Ukraine. Through the entire territory of the country, from the north-west to the south-east, the Ukrainian crystal shield stretches. The width of its part directly overlooking the surface is 200 km, and the length is about 1000 km. It is on this strip that the main deposits of decorative stone are concentrated.
Quality
1. Defense. The best varieties of fine-grained granite begin to detect the first signs of destruction more than 500 years, so it is often called "eternal" stone;
2.Profit. Granite is highly resistant to friction, compression and abrasion. It is very dense (2.6-2.7 t / m³) and a durable stone (its strength in compression - 90-250 MPa - twice as much as marble);
3. Resistance to the effects of atmospheric phenomena and acids. Granite is the perfect stone for the exterior decoration of buildings.
4. Refroncy. Granite practically does not absorb moisture (water absorption coefficient - 0.05-0.17%). That is why granite is perfect for the facing of embankments.
5. Easternity. Contrary to considerable prejudices, the natural radiation level of most granites corresponds to the 1st grade - i.e. They are radiation safe and suitable for all types of construction without restrictions;
6. Involutions. Unpolished, rough stone, absorbing light; polished to a mirror glitter, which reveals the world a unique light game of mica losses - the decorative possibilities of granite are able to satisfy even the most complex designer designs;
7. Specificness with other materials. Granite is perfectly combined with wood, metal, ceramics and other materials used in modern construction. He will "fit" in any interior - from classic until the ultra-modern;
8. Having a color palette. The most common is gray granite, however, it is also red, pink, orange, bluish-gray, bluish-green.
Application
In modern construction, granite is used so widely that it, without exaggeration, can be called a universal material.
Floors, stairs. Granite - material with a very low level of abrasion. Even if 1 million people will be held on the stairs in your personal apartments for the year, they will be able to erase her steps no more than 0.12 mm;
Various details of the interior. Window sills, eaves, plinths, railings, table tops for furniture, coffee tables, bar racks, balusters, columns - High strength of granite will allow these subjects for many years to be maintained entirely and unharmed, avoid mechanical damage to the effects of temperature and humidity;
Front and interior decoration. Granite - very ergonomic material capable of providing you with a comfortable stay in the building;
Landscape design elements. Alpine hill, roccarius, Japanese gardens, decorative reservoirs - made of granite, these fashionable compositions will give your garden naturalness and uniqueness.
Borders, steps, paving slats for bridges. Granite is successfully applied in places where big "endurance" is needed. It is resistant to mechanical exposure, chemical pollution and temperature drops - does not change its properties during hundreds of cycles of freezing and thawing.
Facing the embankments. Granite practically does not absorb moisture - respectively, with a decrease in temperature in the pores of the stone, an additional internal pressure from the frozen water is not formed, which can lead to the formation of cracks and the destruction of the breed.
Granite blocking. The use of granite pavers is calculated by millennia. According to the famous Ancient Roman crucible roads, you can take a walk today; Streets laid out by a paving, you will find in the old part of any of the European capitals; In modern cities, stone roads gradually come to replacing asphalt and concrete.
Magic and Medical Properties
From primitive times, a person got used to trust the stone. This natural, alive, "feeling" material will remove the psychological tension, bring to your house comfort, calm and comfort.
Did you ever think about the origin of the expression "gnawing the granite of science"? Why, speaking of diligent and capable students, we remember that granite, and not any other stone? It turns out that this is an explanation. According to some observations, granite has the ability to stimulate human mental activity, helping to succeed in scientific research.
Granite has long been occupying an important place in human life. The stone conquered the hearts of people with their beautiful views and properties. The most valuable quality of mineral is its hardness and strength. Therefore, it is combined with absolutely different concepts - Granite science, man - granite. Granite itself is also not easy, it consists of different minerals. Its composition can be expressed by the formula: granite \u003d field spat + quartz + mica.
What is granite?
Mineral form:
- Feldspar. It is an aluminosilicate breeding mineral. Main types:
- orthoclases to;
- albit Na;
- anomarit sa.
The combination of species K and Na - forms an alkaline field spat, and Na and sa - called plagioclase. In the granite, field spat is 65-70%.
- Quartz. The most common mineral earth crust. Chemical formula SiO2. Quartz in granite from 25 to 35%.
- Mica, aluminosilicate mineral. Chemical formula R1 (R2) 3 (OH, F) 2, where R1 is potassium and sodium, and R2 is iron, lithium, aluminum, manganese. Mica is 5-10% granite.
How is granite formed?
How solid mineral was formed - no one knows. There are many different versions. For sure one, it is a magmatic and metamorphic breed. Education mountain breeds It often depends on whether the magma has reached the surface of the Earth or not. If Magma rose above the mark of 5 km to the surface of the Earth, it is considered to be anterorable (effusive). If Magma is in a distance of 5-40 km from the surface, then it is intrusive (not escaped). As for granite, this is an intrusive variety.
It should be noted that the main composition of the reputable magmatic breeds is basalts. This breed is the most common on the surface of the Earth, it forms the ocean bark. There are numerous information about basalt breed on other planets solar system. And here explicit signs Granite was not detected. It is possible if we have representatives from other planets, we will surprise them.
There is information that the primary composition of the Earth is identical to meteorites in chondrites and chemical composition Similar to the sun. This composition forms basalt rocks. How was the granite then turned out?
Basalt and granite are formed from different magmatic melts. Magma, depending on the content of silicon dioxide (silica or quartz) in them, has the following variety: ultray (\u003e 70%), acidic (65-70%), average (52-65), main (40-52%), ultrasound (< 40 %). Базальт формируется из основной, а гранит из ультракислой магмы. Поднимающаяся магма может расплавлять и растворять твердые базальтовые породы, то есть она обогащается продуктами растворения (в том числе расплавом кварца). Полученная ультракислая магма более легкая, насыщенная газами, остывает медленно и в ней начинаются процессы кристаллизации. Кварц, слюда, полевой шпат образуют мелкозернистую или крупнозернистую разновидность минерала.
The grains of mica and spheres are painted granite, and quartz determines its solid properties. Such a conclusion can be done by considering the minerals and weathering products: the mica is easy to break, gets lazy, yellowing, the field spar is weathered to the state of the clay, only quartz crystals are able to resist on an on-line. The smaller the grains of quartz, the harder and the stronger the stone. Mineral is different colors - from light gray to almost black. Often there are pink, red, yellow minerals, as well as a blue variety. Brilliant sparks in granite forms quartz and mica.
Use of granite
Quartz crystals form a solid base of granite, and the quartz itself is a semi-precious stone. Nevertheless, granite is not a title of semi-precious, and a die away stone from it. Solid, dense, with a high degree of waterproof, frost-resistant stone is excellent construction and finishing material.
Resistance to abrasion and exposure to acids contributed to its use as a floor, steps, paving. The intricate texture drawing is used in sculptures, columns, arches, decorative elements Landscape and home design. The stone is simply indispensable in the kitchen arrangement: the countertops are perfectly opposed to temperature drops, shocks. But the mineral has a special place in the decoration.
Facing these materials may give a solemn, the main view. Therefore, it is often used for facing works in the subway. What can we talk about other state and pathoral structures that used a red variety of stone. The demand for granite in the construction market is only increasing. Despite the high cost of the natural stone, it is ready to use during the construction and finishing of country houses. The most popular blue and white variety. White, of course, is not so actually, but rather it is a very light white-gray material.