Granite from what is. Granite (rock): characteristics and properties. Granite deposits

With Latin Granite translates as "grain". It is a grain volcanic massive breed, which was formed in the process of gradual cooling and hardened magma at a sufficiently large depth. In addition, its origin is possible in metamorphism, in other words, when graniting different rocks. Very often, magmatic, metamorphic and mixed origins are attributed to arrays from granite. Granite - rock, the most common in earth Kore.

Considering its characteristics, it can be said that it is very durable material, due to which in construction it is very common. One of the most important characteristics of the breed is its high strength.

Quality

Granites in the size of grain are divided into:

• fine-grained;
• medium-trimmed;
• coarse-grained.

If we consider a fine-grained stone, then the characteristic of the granite of this type will be very different from the rest. This group of mechanical stress is opposed to much better. When operating, it is rebuilt more evenly, when heated is less cracks, resistant to weathering.

This group is the most expensive and high quality. It is distinguished by resistance to destruction, waterproof and high strength. Coarse samples are characterized by insufficient fire resistance. When heated above 600 ° C, they begin to crack and increase in volume. Why sometimes in houses after fires often you can see the crackled granite stairs and steps.

Despite the excellent density and strength, the stone is easily processed: polished, polished and cut. It has excellent thermal conductivity, which is often used for heater.

Of course, the above characteristics are considered the advantages of this material. But the granite stone has flaws. The main minus is his great weight, thanks to which he is one of the hardest finishing materials. This characteristic should be taken into account when creating construction projects.

Structural and chemical composition

Granite is a rock, which has a grain-crystalline structure. It is enriched with alkalis, rich in silicone, and iron, magnesium and calcium contains in smaller quantities.

The composition of the mineral in its average values:

• field Ploves - 60-65%;
• quartz - 25-30%;
• dark color minerals - 5-10%.

The color of the breed primarily depends on the nature of the field spatts present in the composition. Most often its color gray with various shades: red, pink, gray-blue, orange, sometimes bluish green.

In addition, dark color components affect the formation of the shade. These elements of the breed are more likely to give dark colorAs a rule, greenish. This example is Yantsevsky granite.

But Quartz most often badly, therefore, the color does not affect the character. At the same time, sometimes you can meet a mineral with a black quartz, less often - purple-pink. Minerals with blue quartz are considered very rare. The most decorative characteristics are fine-grained light gray samples with a blue tint. In addition, green and red granite is very in demand.

Appearance

As mentioned above, the mineral is actively used in construction. And it is easily explained. Granite is a sedimentary rock, which is perfectly polished. The resulting mirror surface is preserved for a long time and in the case of using the material in the outer facing.

Also, the stone is well processing, it becomes easily different forms. The embossed texture of the granite surface emphasizes the monumentality of buildings, gives a decorative interesting effect of the game of lighting.

At the same time, some types of stone decorative texture are obtained only after heat treatment. This applies mainly by light gray shades that are becoming after treatment with almost sugar-white.

Place of Birth

Battolites are considered the main form of the occurrence. They represent a large array of several hectares. Most often, the breed runs in the shape of rods, ducks and other intrusual bodies. Sometimes the mineral forms several plastophone bodies alternating with sedimentary and metamorphic rocks.

If we talk about the granite deposit, the latter meets on each of the mainland. Basically, it goes to the surface in those areas that were folded with ancient rocks, where, due to the erosion-deduction process, there was a destruction of overlapping sediments.

So, in the US, this breed is found in the north of the country, along the shore Atlantic Ocean, in the Black Hills mountains and the center of Plateau Ozark. Stone is mined in Georgia, Wisconsin, and Vermont.

He is also common in our country. About 200 deposits are operated in the post-Soviet space. The largest of them: Mikryanskoye, Malokokhnovskoye, Mikashevichi.

On the territory of the Russian Federation, granite is most common in the Kareli-Kola region, in Eastern Siberia, in the Urals, in the Far East and the Caucasus. Today it is known about fifty deposits in which a piece mineral is mined. Granite crusp And Booth is mined in the applying, sorry, in the Arkhangelsk and Voronezh regions, on the Karelian Isthmus, in the Chelyabinsk and Sverdlovsk regions, in the Khabarovsk Territory and Primorye, in East Transbaikalia. An excellent decorative characteristics are distinguished by Rapakivi, mined in the North-West countries, in addition, the Amazanic types of Transbaikalia and Ilmen Mountains are also valued. Many deposits work is not constantly, mainly on crushed stone and boot. In them, as needed, boulders of granite are mined, made cladding plates from them.

There are several types of granite, we look at the article below.

Gabbro-diabaz

This is a robust homogeneous mountain granite of a black shade having small brushes. It will accumulate perfectly, and after that it gives it warm, it is evenly heated throughout the mass, longer than all breeds do not lose the quality of polishing and artistic properties.

This stone is considered building materials 1st class. It does not allocate any harmful impurities, absolutely not radioactive. At the same time, Karelian gabbro-diabases is a unique rock formation that has no analogues in other regions of our country.

The mineral is used for the production of road block stone (mosaic checker, bridge blocks, curb), for the manufacture of interior items and various ritual products, in precision engineering, for landscape design, as a base stone in construction. Suitable ideal for interior decoration And facing facades of buildings, it goes partly on crushed stone and boot, used for chains in saunas and baths.

In the world, there are 3 main blocks of blocking stones:

• Ukrainian gabbro-diabase, Which is inferior to Karelian, although it is almost twice as cheaper. He contains a huge number of iron impurities, and this worsens the quality of finished products, while the drawing caused to the stone quickly dumps.
• Australian Gabbro-diabase, similar to Karelian in quality, although standing is much more expensive.
• Karelian gabbro-diabasewhich has a black color, a low degree of abrasion, high decorative properties, durability, frost resistance, long retains a picture applied to it.

Based on the quality ratio and prices, the Karelian gabbro-diabases are usually higher demand. At the same time, he increases steadily every year. The popularity of the use of the Karelian mineral is explained by its resistance and durability. This stone is almost not susceptible to negative impact. ambient. It is much longer than marble preserves properties, and the very first signs of destruction are manifested only in a hundred years.

"Chance Black" (Chinese granite)

Chinese granite is a mining rock, which is considered one of the best in the world. It is mined in the north of China, in the province of Shanxi. His main dignity is a saturated and deep black color with a small number of inclusions. It is used for facing facades, finishing interiors, manufacturing products of various purposes, monuments and monuments.

Shoksha

This raspberry granite, the price for which is very available - about 10,000 rubles / ta, is mined in the Republic of Karelia. It is distinguished by durability and high strength. Experts say that products from it for more than 600 years will not lose their form. He decorated mausoleums, palaces, monuments. Inscriptions and engraved portrait on shock looks contrast.

Kapustinsky Granite

It is uneven and coarse-grained, pink-red, bright, massive, high-temperature granite, reviews about which they talk about its incredible beauty. The area of \u200b\u200buse is suitable for the production of pedestals, as well as for other architectural structures, for finishing elements of structures and buildings, in those places where high architectural expressiveness is necessary. Applied when finishing the memory chief located on Poklonnaya Mountain, Manege Square. The deposit is in the Kirov region, in Ukraine.

Labradorite

He is natural stonewhich is a mountain grain-crystalline rock. Labradorites appear in magmatic depths. Basically, they consist of plagioclase, which is a field spham. The structure of minerals is crystalline. It is divided into medium and coarse-grained rocks.

Labradorites are a kind of anorthosites. The name they received from their initial deposit - the so-called peninsula in Canada. Today, the production of this natural stone occurs in other countries, among which Ukraine and Finland. Russia also has large deposits. The first mineral structures were found in Kievan Rus - then this granite was used as solely then they began to separate monumental buildings.

Mostly this granite gray or black. Dark color minerals just give the stone a beautiful dark shade. The main properties of Labradorites are their frost resistance and high strength. Consequently, these stones are most often used for the exterior decoration of the buildings.

In addition, granite is distinguished by structural and textural properties.

Porphyovoid

This Ural granite contains elongated or isometric inclusions, which differ from the bulk in size (can reach 10 centimeters). Usually represented by orthoclase, quartz and microclin.

Pegmatoid

This is a granite breed with a uniform characteristic graininess. The size of the enclosures and quartz is about 3 centimeters.

Finland granite

This granite is a magmatic rock formation with characteristic rounded numerous intersions of the red shade orthoclase of up to five centimeters surrounded by a border of gray-green or gray oligoclase. The role of the main mass in it is the aggregate of the grains of orthoclase, plagishing, quartz and biotitis.

Gneisovoid

This Ural granite is a uniformly fine-grained conventional stone with a characteristic rough-parallel orientation of the grains of horny bending or scheels of mica.

Pegmatite granite

One of the most common varieties is pegmatite granite, consisting of muscovite, quartz and orthoclase. A characteristic representative of this species is the so-called written granite, in which the field swap will germinate by small quartz formations by a wedge-shaped fine form.

Leznikovsky granite

Special strength and popularity is distinguished by red and pink-red leznikovsky granite, which received such a name for the name of its deposit. It should be noted that there are many types of granite in this way. For example, - Mezhdurechensky, Simonovsky, Tokovsky, Emelyanovsky, Kapustinsky. But granite gray is Corninsky, Pokostovsky, Zhelelaevsky, Sofievsky.

Rapakivi

Another one interesting variety of mineral is Rapacki. It is a porphyry formation with a huge content of ovalid.

White granite

There is also white granite. What a rock is not everyone can answer right away. This concept is more collective, because white is called both snow-white stones and other minerals of light shades. Color may vary from pearl gray to light green.

Application

In today's construction, granite is so actively used that it can be called truly versatile material.

Interior details

Eaves, window sills, railing, plinths, countertops, bar racks, coffee tables, columns, balasins - High strength stone will allow you to order these products from granite, while they will remain unharmed for many years.

Stairs, floors

Granite is a low degree of abrasion. If a million people take place in your apartment on the stairs in your apartment, erase her steps they will be able to a maximum of 0.12 millimeters.

Interior and Facade Finish

Granite is a very ergonomic material that can provide you with a comfortable stay in the structure.

Landscape design

Roccarius, alpine slide, decorative reservoirs, Japanese gardens, made of granite, your site will give uniqueness and naturalness.

Borders, paving slabs for bridge, steps

Granite applies with success in those places in which huge "endurance" is required. Mineral is resistant to chemical pollution, mechanical effects, as well as temperature drops, since its properties does not change over many cycles of thawing and freezing.

Facing the embankments

Granite almost does not absorb moisture, and therefore, in the pores of the stone, with a decrease in temperature from the frozen water, an internal additional pressure is not formed, which can lead to the destruction of the rock and the formation of cracks.

Granite blocking

The use of pavers from this stone is calculated by millennia. According to the ancient Roman famous potted roads and today you can walk; Streets from the paving you can find in the old part of each European capital; In the modern world, when the processing of granite from the masters does not cause any difficulty, the stone roads also gradually come to replace concrete and asphalt.

Magic properties

It may seem at first glance that the granite, the photos of which are presented in this article, does not possess any magical propertiesSince in modern apartments and houses it is actively used to finish the premises, and therefore carries only aesthetic component. But there is evidence that this mineral is capable of human life to make the best.

Baths were erected from granite in Starin. She was always the cleanest place in which a person could relax. It seems not only about the attractiveness and the external gloss of the stone, but also that the mineral can protect the room and a person from negative energy.

There is a well-known phrase: "gnawing the granite of science." It is not accidental in everyday life. Granite (which mountain breed is in mind, it does not matter) has properties to stimulate sociability and mental activity.

Red granite to a person helps to find mutual understanding with the world, increases his intuition, while its owner makes more responsive and flexible.

Medical properties

Granite, photo of which can be found in our review, has a wide range healing propertieswhich can facilitate the course of various serious diseases. Among them are pneumonia, asthma, cardiovascular diseases, bronchitis.

A stone with colds helps to reduce the temperature, has a positive effect on the spine and joints when there are problems with them.

Mascot

Granite is the best mascot for people who devoted their life to pedagogy or science. Mineral exacerbates intuition, strengthens memory, develops rational thinking, etc.

Granite products can be excellent overama for teachers and teachers, they are able to help find an approach to stubborn and difficult students, as well as conquer their authority.

Granite is a mineral with an unconditional positive energy that does not harm anyone, therefore, and it is not worthwhile.

Granite: Reviews

Since granite is very popular in construction, where, by the way, not one hundred years is applied, the reviews of it will not find difficulty. Almost everyone who had to deal with this wonderful material, admire its high strength and excellent characteristics. Others somewhat scares its cost. But in this case, it is necessary to take into account that various types of mineral can have a different price. Therefore, you can always choose the appropriate option for yourself.

Granite (Ital. Granito, from Lat. granum. - Grain) - an acidic magmatic intrusive rock. Consists of quartz, plagioclase, potassium polespota and mica - biotitis and / or muscovite. Granites are very widespread in the continental earth crust. Effusion articles of granite - rhyolites. The density of granite is 2600 kg / m³, compressive strength up to 300 MPa.

Mineral composition

Mineral composition of granite:

• field spasps (sour plagioclase and caliper, and the latter prevails) - 60-65%;
• quartz - 25-30%;
• dark color minerals (biotit, rarely horn cheating) - 5-10%.

The problem of the origin of gorts

Granite rocks.

Granites play a huge role in the structure of the cortex of the continents of the Earth. But in contrast to the magmatic rocks of the main composition (Gabbro, Basalt, Anorthozit, Norit, Troktolit), the analogues of which are distributed on the moon and planets of the Earth Group, on the existence of granites on other planets solar system There are only indirect signs. So there are indirect signs of the existence of granites on Venus. Among the geologists there is an expression "Granite - the business card of the Earth."

On the other hand, there are weighty grounds to believe that the Earth arose from the same substance as other planets of the Earth Group. The primary composition of the Earth is reconstructed as a close composition of chondrites. Basalts can be smelted from such rocks, but not granites.

These facts led to the first petrologists to formulate the problem of the origin of granites, problems that attracted the attention of geologists for many years, but still far from a complete solution.

The author of one of the first hypotheses on the origin of granites was N. Bowen - Father of Experimental Petrology. On the basis of experiments and observations of natural objects, it found that the crystallization of basalt magma occurs in a number of laws. Minerals are crystallized in such a sequence (a number of Bowen) that the melt is continuously enriched with silicon, sodium, potassium and other low-melting components. Therefore, Bowen suggested that granites can be the last differentiates of basalt melts.

Granitis varieties

According to the peculiarities of the mineral composition, among the granites, the following varieties are distinguished:

• Plagiranites - light gray granite with a sharp dominance of plagioclase with a completely absence or minor content of a potassium-sodium field spat that giving the granites pinkish-red color.
• Alaskit is pink granite with a sharp predominance of a potassium-sodium fieldspap with a small amount (biotit) or a lack of dark color minerals.

According to structural and texture features, the following varieties are distinguished:

• Porphy-shaped granite - contains elongated or isometric enclosures, more or less significantly different in size from the bulk (sometimes reach 10-15 cm) and usually represented by orthoclase or microclin, less often quartz. Porphyrene granites, in which the grains of potassium-sodium field pink spam are overgrown with light gray plagioclase, acquiring rounded outlines, are called Rapakivi granite. Such a structure contributes to the rapid destruction of the breed, its crime. Hence the name happened. Translated from Finnish Rapacki means "rotten stone".

Geochemical classifications of granits

Wide-famous abroad is the classification of Chappel and White, continued and complemented by Collins and Valen. It distinguishes 4 types of granitoids: S-, I-, M-, A-granites. In 1974, Chappel and White introduced the concepts of S- and I-granites, based on the fact that the composition of granites reflects the material of their source. Subsequent classifications also mainly adhere to this principle.

• S - (Sedimentary) - Melting Metal Substrates,
• I - (Igneous) - melting products of methamagmatic substrates,
• M - (Mantle) - Differentiations of Toleit Basalt Magms,
• A - (ANOROGENIC) - Melting products of nine-orpore granulites or differentiates of alkali-basaltoido magmas.

The difference in the sources of S and I-granite sources are established by their geochemistry, mineralogy and the composition of inclusions. The difference in sources implies and the difference in the levels of generation of melts: S is a suprokrustal superior level, I - infrared deeper and often more mafic. In geochemical terms, S- and I-granites have close contents of most petrogne and rare elements, but there are significant differences. S -Relates are relatively depleted Cao, Na 2 O, Sr, but have higher concentrations K 2 O and RB than i-granites. These differences are due to the fact that the source of s-gorts passed the weathering stage and sedimentary differentiation. The type includes granites that are a finite differentiate of the colut-basalt magma or the melting product of the methatoleite source. They are widely known as oceanic plagiographics and are characteristic of modern zones of Savy and ancient dooms. The concept of A-Granits was introduced by EBI. It has been shown that they vary in composition from subnormal quartz shenites to alkaline granites with alkaline darkness, sharply enriched with non-coolent elements, especially HFSE. Under the conditions of education can be divided into two groups. The first, characteristic of the oceanic islands and continental rifts is a product of the differentiation of an alkali-basalt magma. The second, includes intraple pluto, not related directly to riftogenesis, but dedicated to hot points. The origin of this group is associated with the melting of the lower parts of the continental cortex under the influence of an additional source of heat. It is experimentally shown that when melting of tonalite gneisses, when p \u003d 10 Kbar is formed by fluorine, the melt of petrocarbon components with a-granites and granulitic (pyroxen-containing) restitis is formed.

Geodynamic settings of granite magmatism

The greatest volumes of granites are formed in the zones of the collision where two continental plates face and the continental bark is thickening. According to some researchers, a whole layer of granite melt at the level of the middle bark is formed in a thickened collision crust (depth of 10-20 km). In addition, granite magmatism is characteristic of active continental colors (Andean batolytes), and, to a lesser extent, for island arcs.

In very small volumes, granites are formed in the mid-oceanic ridges, as evidenced by the presence of the extraction of plagiogrants in ophiolite complexes.

The largest granite deposits in Russia and the CIS countries

Ancient Egyptian granite sarcophag.

When weathered granites from field swings, kaolin and other clay minerals are formed, Quartz usually remains unchanged, and mica are yellow and are often called "feline gold".

Granites and minerals

With granites, the SN, W, MO, LI, BE, B, RB, BI, BI, BI, B, B, RB, BI, TA, AU are connected with these elements in the late portions of the granite melt and in post-magmatic fluid. Therefore, their deposits are associated with aparters, pegmatites, graise and skarn. For the scanners are also characterized by deposits Cu, Fe, Au.

Application

Granite is one of the most dense, hard and durable rocks. Used in construction as a facing material. In addition, granite has low water absorption and high frost resistance and pollution. That is why it is optimal for paving both indoors and outside. However, it is worth remembering what the room will have a slightly higher radiation background, therefore it is not recommended to silence residential premises with some granite. In the interior, granite is also used to decorate walls, stairs, creating countertops and columns, decorating staircase marches of granite from granite, creating vases, facing of fireplaces and fountains. Used for the manufacture of monuments and on granite crushed stone.

Granite is a natural stone formed as a result of frozen and hardening the magmatic melt at a considerable depth. Another method of formation of granite is metamorphosis under the action of high pressure and temperature, as well as gaseous and liquid substances (fluids) coming from depth. Some granite arrays Attribute metamorphic origin, some - magmatic, there are types of granite having mixed origins.

For many centuries, this stone enjoys well-deserved in construction and architecture. Its name is associated with reliability and durability. The granite creates spectacular architectural compositions and ensembles, they are finished with residential buildings and office buildings. This material is used in the manufacture of tabletops, windowsills, sings, baths, balasine, columns, outdoor and internal facing, decorative elements Landscape design. It is used in the production of tombstones and monuments. Especially popular stone enjoys in the device tracks and decorating squares.

Structure and color of granite

Approximately 60%, the material consists of a field spat, plagioclase and orthoclase, about 30% - quartz, 10% - muskovit, biotit, rarely horn cheating. The magnitude of grains granite is divided into:

• fine-grained (grain size up to 2 mm),
• average (grain may have a size of 2-5 mm),
• coarse (grain size exceeds 5 mm).

The smaller the grain, the higher the strength and resistance of granite to atmospheric influence.

The color of the breed depends on the coloring of the field spat and can be red, pink, black, gray. Inclipts of mica give the stone a special appeal.

Technical characteristics of granite

The total volume of pores in the breed does not exceed 1.5%. The stone is characterized by low water absorption, durability, high compressive strength (up to 300 MPa). Volume weight Granite varies in the range of 2.6-2.7 t / m3. The material is characterized by high abrasion resistance. The indisputable advantage of the stone is the relative simplicity of processing, the possibility of polishing. It is by polishing that the product is treated with such a spectacular appearance and a practically mirror surface.

According to mineral composition class a natural stone We divide on:

• plagiranit. Contains mainly plagioclase. Field sword of potassium-sodium type is present in minor quantity. The color of such granite is light gray.
• alaskit is a stone containing a large number of potassium-sodium field sword, as well as biotit.

According to structural and textural features, granite is divided into:

• porphyovoid. The breed contains isometric elements (quartz, microclin, orthoclases), which are allocated from the total mass in their sizes and can reach 10-15 cm;
• granite Rapakivi ("Rotina Stone"). A variety of porphyrene granite containing pink grains of field spat, which have covered light green plagioclase and having round shape. This feature of the structure explains the preplanation of the material to crate.

There are such varieties of granite as:

• Pokostovka. Mining is conducted with careers of the Pokostovsky deposit. The stone has gray, high density, strength and moisture resistance. Pokostovka is the main material for production paving tile, monuments, borders and pavers.
• Bystvian gabbro. This is natural black granite with high decorative and technical characteristics. It comes from the Bystranso field. From this material, elements of the interior of the decor of buildings, as well as memorial complexes.

• The glasses are red-pink and red granite with universal mechanical and physical properties. It is widely used in cladding and construction, making paving stones and paving slabs. Leznikovsky granite was decorated by Mausoleum on the Red Square of Moscow. It is mined in the careers of the Leznikovsky field.

In addition, such types of granite as Kapustyansky (raspberry color), Maslovsky (green with black and gray intersions), non-believers labradorite (black with dark blue lubrications), Tokovsky (brown) are widely known.

Granite - Beautiful and durable stone, which is considered best Material For the manufacture of monuments. No wonder he won such recognition in construction and architecture, and many famous facilities and monuments Fully or partially created from granite, for example, Mausoleum of Lenin, grave Unknown Soldier, Alexandrovsky column on Palace Square, Kazan and Isaac Cathedrals.

Granite strength

Let's talk about how good this material is in terms of reliability and durability. These qualities, agree, are very important when creating such a structure as a monument.

Granite It is a good processing, cutting and polishing and has a variety of structures, which allows you to create high-quality beautiful products. Ready-made granite monuments resistant to moisture (rain and snow) as well do not spoil from temperature drops And withstand both bodied frost and exhausting heat. The monuments from granite are so durable that the first signs of destruction appear on them only after 500 years.

Colors of granite

Concerning external characteristics This stone, here granite also has many advantages. This stone looks impressive, monumental and solidBut at the same time beautiful. It is well combined with any material - wood, metal, ceramics, glass and even its eternal rival - marble.

Color palette represented by many shades - black, gray, light gray, red, pink, yellow, green and even bluish gray and bluish green. Bright gray-blue, greenish blue and rich red granite is considered more rare, and therefore the most valuable.

Types of granite

As a material in the manufacture of ritual monuments, we use such types of graniteLike Gabbro-diabases, Suskyuyantari Granite, Buntina Sletina Granite, Granite Dymovsky, Imperial Red Granite, Absolute Black Granite and others.

Gabbro-diabaz

The deposit of this type of granite is located in Karelia. Gabbro-diabase is a natural stone, characterized by high strength, density and uniformity of the structure. The stone has a black color diluted with small brushes of gray shade.

Granite SustyuyanSaari

This red-brown granite is mined on Sustyuyantari Island in Karelia. It is mined irregularly and comes in limited volumes. As for the aesthetic characteristics, it is decorative enough and has a rich red-brown and beautiful streak. The accumulations of dark color minerals create a wavy pattern on the surface of the stone, which increases its decorativeness. Thanks to the bright color, the portrait on the monument will look contrast. The structure of the granite suspyuxyari is medium-sized.

The granite of the stoop of Buntin is mined in the Karelian village of the Lukhsky district chip. It has a greenish tint. This granite due to its physical characteristics is very durable, durable and frostable. After polishing, the stone surface becomes mirror and looks beautiful at the expense of an interesting picture.

Granite Dymovsky

The stone is named so by the name of the deposit located in the village of Dymovo (Leningrad Region). It is also called the Baltic. Smoke granite has a noble rich pink-brown color, which can have a more or less pronounced brown shade. This type of granite gives the facilities from it the parade and monumentality.

Granite, translated from Greek. - grain. This magmatic rock is consisting of grains three species Minerals:

• Quartz - 20-40%.
• Two types of wild spasp.
• Acid plagioclase (albite or oligoclase).
• Kaliyevoy Pole Spate (orthoclases or microclin) - 40-70%.
• Slobs (biotit or muscovit) - 5-20%.

Granite color depends on its mineral composition directly. May be black, red, green, blue.

Most often granite - gray. How much can it be dark? Field spasp and quartz are usually white or colorless, but mica is a dark-colored mineral, along with pyroxen and amphibole enclosures that can be in various quantities. Sometimes quartz is represented by Morion - also a more dark mineral.

The red granite includes a bright red or pink field spat, the color of hematite (iron oxide) or red ironing is attached. The field split becomes dark-red already when it is 1% of hematite, and pink at 0.3%.

Green Granite color attachments to the enclosures of the green potassium field spat - amazonite. The nature of the color of this semi-precious stone is not clear. Perhaps it is formed from a red and white field spat under the influence of some volatile substances. Green granite is very beautiful. Blue granite is a special occasion of green and occurs very rarely.

There is another type of granite, which includes a field spat, which has a so-called urization - a bright tint, the effect of a peacock tail. There are mixed colors: bluish-gray, bluish-green.

It can be found in nature and blackwater granites, and with a pink-rose quartz (Amethyst granites of Sweden). It is very rare to meet granites with blue quartz (silver deposit of the Murmansk region). Valuable are light gray fine-grained granites, with a blue tint, and still dark red and greenish blue. If there are inclusions of dark color biotitis and horn bellows, the color of the stone is darker, often with a greenish tint (Yantsevsky granite).

Granite has a crawled pattern, which depends on its structure. Coarse granites look mosaic. Inclusions can be up to 120 mm or have an elongated form. Sometimes a dotted-striped, smoky or wavy pattern is formed.

What does granite look like?

Granite is the most common rock rock on the planet. Her name quite accurately reflects appearance Stone: Granite on Latin means "grain". It is the size of this grain that determines the first external classification of granites:

• diameter up to 2 mm - fine-grained granite;
• diameter up to 5 mm - mediterranean granite;
• the diameter of more than 5 mm is coarse granite.

Granite has a rich color palette - from sugar and white to purple shades. Color nuances depend on which connections are dominated by chemical structure Stone:

Plagiranit

Plagiranit - has a light gray color. Such a color is due to the fact that this type of rock almost does not contain a potassium-sodium fieldspap, which has a lot of red pigment. The proportion of plagioclase in the plagirancy reaches 65 percent, quartz - 20 percent, non-ferrous minerals - 10 percent. Visual structure - grainbed grainbed.

Alaskit

Alaskit - pink granite. Unlike plagiranita, it contains up to 60 percent of the potassium-sodium field spat, which gives such a color. The fraction of quartz is about 30 percent, non-ferrous minerals - less than 5 percent. Alaskit can have different shades - from the color of red meat to a sunken-beige. Occasionally there are gray and yellow Alaskians. Visual structure - grainy, embossed.

Porphyovoid granite

Porphy-shaped granite - can be red, brown, pink, gray. In general, translated from the Greek "Porphyros" means "purple", and most often it is this shade that is characteristic of this variety of granite. However, there are rocks where iron prevails, and then the porphyrinite acquires a brown shade. There are also porphyres of gray and graphite colors. Visual structure - grainy.

In addition, in nature there are orange, bluish, green granites. But the above-mentioned breeds posses the greatest decorative value.