What unit warmer foam or gas. Foam concrete blocks or aerated concrete blocks: What is better? Where it is preferable to use
Construction using large-format blocks from cellular concrete is gaining increasingly popularity. New wall materials appear, the use of new terms. However, the differences in such concepts as autoclave aerated concrete, non-autoclave, are not yet fully understood. gasobutton, gasoblock, gas silicate and foam concrete. We will try to figure out these concepts and determine the strengths and weaknesses of the wall materials of this category.
No hypothetical tests or reflection of exceptions in laboratories cannot be more convincing than the proven properties of time and nature. More than 70 years ago, a porous concrete is used in the world. This has proven not only increasing durability, but not the fact that the building was lost due to the fact that this material is unstable. Unfortunately, in such properties there is no traditional so-called material - bricks and rubble. The destruction of the methods of construction and materials used in the report unambiguously states that the unarmed concrete house was able to resist the earthquake very well.
- Autoclave gasobutton - large-format blocks of white-gray color with accurate geometry (1.5 -2 mm error), discussed in detail in articles and Autoclaved aerated concrete technology.
- Naveloclaval gasobutton - Gray large-format blocks related to the class of cellular concrete, differ from autoclave manufacturing technology. An array after a set of primary strength is cut into blocks with special saws, after that the final strength of the blocks are gained by natural hardening for 22 -28 days (there is no autoclave processing, which significantly speeds up the process of durability, essentially synthesizing new Materialand minimizes shrinkage blocks). Non-autoclave aerated concrete, unlike autoclave, has less compressive strength with the same density. A long period of time set time cause shrinkage blocks, and therefore they do not have an accurate geometry, and the masonry is possible only to the cement-sandy solution. Walls from non-autoclave aerated concrete require to equalize the application of a thick plaster layer and need mandatory insulation. The non-autoclave aerated concrete loses the autoclave in all indicators, so it is cheaper.
- Gasilicate - blocks outwardly similar to autoclave aerated concrete, is not currently almost carried out due to too large water absorption.
- The gasoblock is often called autoclave or non-autoclave aerated concrete.
- Foam concrete - Wall blocks of the category of cellular concrete, obtained by technology similar to the manufacture of non-autoclave aerated concrete, the difference lies in the components used and the method of saturation (foaming process) of the cement-sand massif.
In order to answer the question " aerated concrete or foam concrete - What is the difference that better? ", It is necessary to briefly get acquainted with the technology of manufacturing foam concrete and compare the properties of aerated concrete and foam concrete. We will compare foam concrete with an autoclaved aerated concrete, due to its explicit advantage over non-autoclave. The main indicators of interest are density, compressive strength, thermal conductivity and accurate block geometry.
No signs of decay of buildings or long-term changes were observed. Although the porous concrete was long-term irrigated, its mineral content did not change, there were no bacteria or mushrooms, because the alkaline environment was disinfected. Potential buildings from aerated concrete were dried, repaired and subsequently used successfully. In natural conditions ambientWhen this material is adequately protected from precipitation, porous concrete dries around 6 months, and its humidity ranges from 4 to 6% by weight.
The easier the type of activated concrete, the lower its technological humidity. It must be said that the lower the density, the more water is absorbed, and it dries faster. The moisture content in porous concrete walls in premises with relative humidity from 40 to 60% in 1-2 years is stabilized by an average of about 1, 5-5% by weight. If you compare the humidity of ceramic brick walls and take into account that the thickness of the brick and porous concrete walls is different, we must see that the moisture content of porous concrete walls is the same as in the walls of the brick.
Foam concrete production technology
1. Components of foam concrete
In the manufacture of foam concrete, the M500 brand cement is used, the foaming agent, sinking fine sand and water. Depending on the class of strength of the future foam concrete, use and special finished additives - accelerator, fiber, aggregates (ceramzite, etc.).
After depositioning moisture from porous concrete walls and after several years of operation of the building, this material retains all properties that determine the advantages of this building material. Cement is a binding agent that does not scratch water and has excellent adhesion to plaster. Reliable, albeit light. Refractory and smuggous. Humidity and chemicals are environmentally friendly. Well keeps warm. Pubs and isolates the sound. Do not smoke and do not feed, do not betray rodents.
Easy to work and perfectly combined. Usually masonry - you can build a house with your own strength. Do not accumulate moisture. Low-rise building for unclosed outdoor walls, repair of buildings when strong and light material. For the founding of a low-rise building and grounds for the construction of internal partitions. In the construction of holes and ventilation holes to fill the holes of high-altitude and low-rise buildings. Ceramit - thermal insulationarmatics.
2. Cooking foam
Foam is prepared from the foam centers (usually protein concentrate), diluted with water. It is poured into the tank of the foaming agent, where foaming occurs under the influence of compressed air, and then using the compressor and the foam generator (special pipe), and the mixer is sent under pressure. The texture of the foam is regulated by special valves (closed pores from 0.1 mm and more are obtained at the outlet of the pipe.
What is the difference
Do not overload a jumper by concentrated force in the middle of the ventilation hole. Thus, they will provide fire resistance, and their reinforcement will be protected from corrosion. Cropped liners can be dropped by 130 mm. . Blocks are formed by a semi-dry method in vibropress, in accurate metal forms. This procedure ensures the integrity of the mass and eliminates the possibility of its elasticity. The resulting full-risk composite material has low weight, high strength, frost resistance, excellent adhesion to plaster, low water absorption, low capillary, good thermal properties.
3. Production of foam concrete mass
The mixer mixes the prepared sand and cement, where careful mixing occurs. After that, water is added to the mixture and mixing to obtain a plastic homogeneous mixture. Then, a foam and a flow of 2-x - 3 minutes are added from the foam generator to the mixer under pressure from the cement-sand mass.
Blocking the walls, the wall is well isolates the sound and resistant to fire. Ceramizite granules contain at least 75% of its internal volume. These pairs are closed, so they almost do not absorb water, the block does not want to accumulate moisture. Due to the special structure of the Fibo structure, the masonry does not prevent moisture capillary. During construction, water merges during construction and does not accumulate in the wall. If the air is dry, this level is achieved within 3-4 weeks from the start of construction.
The thermal properties of the walls depend on the moisture of the wall. Therefore, the laboratory and structural values \u200b\u200bof the thermal conductivity of the block should be distinguished. If the substance tends to drink water, it solidifies, the amendment on the wall is high. The thermal resistance depends on how efficient the wall protects the inner heat from the outside of the migration.
Up to this point, the manufacturing process of foam concrete is almost no different from the production of aerated concrete except for the use of components responsible for foaming (gas formation) of the mixture.
Next, the process comes on another technology.
4. Forming foam concrete blocks
There are two main ways of molding.
- Production of foam concrete with cassette metal forms. In the production of foam concrete, finished forms apply, corresponding to block sizes usually 200 * 300 * 600 and 200 * 100 * 600mm (other dimensions are possible). Immediately before the fill, the casting forms are lubricated with special molding oils, after which they perform the filling of the foam concrete mixture, and leave 12 hours for a durability. After that, the shapes are disassembled, and finished blocks are removed from them.
- Cutting foam concrete blocks on cutting installations. At first, the foam concrete mixture is poured into one large form not having a partition, as a result, a large array of 2-3 m 3 is obtained. After about 12 hours, the foam concrete array is served on a cutting unit, where the blocks of the desired size are automatically saws from it.
5. Drying foam concrete
Forms are disassembled, the blocks are removed on the pallets and are sent to dryness to a complete pouring into a special room with adjustable levels of humidity and temperature. Very often, manufacturers of foam concrete produce a drying of foam concrete directly in the open sky, pre-covering pallets with foam concrete blocks.
Primary marching strength 65-70% foam concrete Dials at a temperature of +22 for 2 days. When the temperature is raised, this time is reduced.
The final set of strength (the so-called vacation strength) occurs for 22 to 28 days.
This size characterizes the thermal inertia of the wall, that is, how long will keep heat. The ceramic microspores are closed, water does not fall, and large external pairs of granules drain water and never filled completely. Due to this, even the freezing of the impregnated block, the resulting ice takes place for expansion and does not worsen the structure of the material.
Selection of material under load
Walls at home can be saved in winter, without fear that they will start breaking. Taking a separate element, this heat movement is imperceptible, but on a large area of \u200b\u200bthe wall it can cause unwanted forces that cause a splitting wall. It is advisable to strengthen all structural materials to prevent gliding walls.
And now attention! The process of durability is accompanied by a significant shrinkage of foam concrete blocks, and it is 5-6 times higher than that of the autoclave aerated concrete. Therefore, no accurate geometry of blocks may not be speech. Further, the long-lasting process of a set of strength through natural hardening is accompanied by separation in the foam concrete mixture of suspended particles - heavy settled faster, lighter - slower (such a process occurs in the manufacture of non-autoclave aerated concrete). As a result, the solidified mass has an inhomogeneous density, and as a result, less compressive strength with the same density with autoclave aerated concrete.
Fire resistance As a clamzite is a high-temperature fried clay, it is not afraid of fire. This cement material can be used in the construction of firewalls. In such a bulkhead, the vertical and horizontal laying must be completely filled with a solution, and the wall should be plastered on both sides.
In this system, the stylus will be isolate the sound, the sound will "rejoice" from it, and the block will be isolated and absorb. Possible deviations of length, widths and heights up to 3 mm; Deviation from a standard angle and a smooth surface - up to 2 mm. Due to the exact parameters of the blocks, the consumption of plaster material is preserved.
In practice, it looks like this: if you test the foam concrete block by drilling holes in it, then one part of the block has greater strength (resistance to drilling), some other part can be passed with minor effort. Accordingly, with fasteners in the walls of foam concrete arise big problems. Problems with hanging very heavy items, I certainly have a metering concrete, but they are all solved much easier.
Video: Production and differences of aerated concrete from foam concrete
Since the capillary effects of this substance are minimal, the wall does not drink water from plaster, it is not necessary to primitive. Longer water remaining in the plaster allows you to fully cement cement and lime, which makes the stucco surface very well associated with the surface of the masonry. Blocks do not use any chemical additives or other artificial additivesThey do not distinguish any gas.
Cement Fibo binds the material and gives it power, and the grilled clay creates a good microclimate inside the room. It is used for more than 30 years in Scandinavian countries and is a very common material for both internal partitions and exterior walls, as well as for foundations.
For these reasons, foam concrete and non-autoclave aerated concrete constructions are more susceptible to fracture and creep.
Compare the main characteristics of foam concrete, autoclave and non-autoclave aerated concrete can be used in the table.
One of the advantages of foam concrete is its low water absorption. If you throw a piece of foam concrete into the water, it will float. This is perhaps its only advantage over aerated concrete, but not more than the marketing course of manufacturers of foam concrete. This property is definitely important but not key. Indeed, large water absorption is a weak side of aerated concrete, but do not forget about its high vapor permeability. If waterproofing of walls from the foundation is made, and the surface of the walls is properly protected either by cladding from direct water from entering, the moisture will not be delayed in aerated concrete walls, and the operational humidity will be fluid in the range of 6-8%. The walls will have a low thermal conductivity and will not lose strength.
What is better to build
Made from natural materials - ceramic tile and binder - cement. Therefore, blocks are neutral, absolutely safe building material. Blocks have standard parameters: 100 mm; 150 mm; 200 mm; 250 mm and 300 mm wide; 490 mm high and 180 mm in length.
They are made from the same ceramic concrete, but all loads are internally equipped with steel spherical reinforcement. These linings do not form cold bridges and is easy enough to raise manually. Blocks are lined with simple cement-sandy solution. This reduces the value of the material, and also eliminates frosty bridges.
As can be seen from the table, the foam concrete blocks are becoming a density of D 600 - D 700, a foam concrete density is suitable except for insulation. Blocks from autoclave aerated concrete at D400 density are stronger and warmer than D700 foam concrete blocks, which in any case need to be insulated, and the inner surface of the walls sewers are plasterboard.
In most cases, there is no need to fill vertical seams. It also saves materials and time. Permissible precision variations of parameters ± 2 mm. The original invoice is original, so it does not look like a simple painting. The calculated coefficient λ of the block is 0, 02 W MK.
Neither the ceramzite nor binding material will break the cement, it is not afraid of water. Blocks permeable for vapors, do not condense water, they dry quickly. Built-in block in structure outdoor Wall Built house is 4%. The average moisture content is only about 2%. Since the pairs of ceramic tiles in the block are closed, the ceramzite itself does not absorb moisture. External pairs of grains are solid and large enough to act like one system drainage. Condensation from the outside in the design is not condensed with moisture.
The final point in the question " aerated concrete or foam concrete - what's better?" You can put, calculating the consumption of materials and the cost of the device of the entire cake of the wall of foam concrete - masonry blocks, the facade and internal finishing works of the walls, then it becomes clear how conditionally is the lowest possible foam concrete blocks in relation to the autoclave gas concrete.
How many of them fall into the block, so it gives the environment. During the test, 50 freezing cycles were performed on the block, which he successfully overcame, but this is not the limit. Existing standards in Lithuania define 25 cycles. The high frost resistance of the block is provided by a pair of ceramizite: even if it is frozen, it enters water, sufficient space for intact structure.
Blocks have excellent sound-absorbing properties. The sound absorption coefficient of the material in all bands is ά \u003d 0, which is determined by their very low hygroscopicity. This feature allows you to better cement cement in mortar. In the final solution, the mortar acquires more strength, and the wall itself dried faster.
- Brick or aerated concrete?
- Technology made of aerated concrete
- Stages of construction from aerated concrete
That first must be understood what the foam block differs from the gas block. These materials have many differences in different criteria.
The order is made within 5 days after its written confirmation. Muri usually chooses blocks. Building blocks B. last years are the most frequently used construction blocks. In the Lithuanian market there are about 25 names of blocks made by different technologieswhich differ not only by sizes and features, but also adaptation, installation methods. Undoubtedly, bricks are made of brick masonryBut in accordance with the operating speed and other criteria, the upper blocks are taken.
When choosing materials, the price is often taken into account, stone masonry should not be the most important criterion. First of all need to take into account specifications blocks. Earth concrete blocks. They are also called gas-silicate blocks and made of finely crushed quartz sand associated with the matrix, and the pairs are manufactured using compressed vapors. Most recently, it is most often used in building blocks For masonry.
Differences in production
If you compare between gas and foam concrete, then some difference in the manufacturing process can be noted. Thus, foam concrete is manufactured under pressure, during the production process, air is in solution. Whereas a slight pressure is applied in aerated concrete external environment, It is possible to mention that, breaking outward, hydrogen forms pores. If you think about what the foam block differs from the gas block, then you can pay attention to what these two material is different and the method of frozen. Foamclock, for example, gains strength in forms, in them acquires the final geometry, but a high-quality aerated concrete is made exclusively in the factory conditions in the method of cutting the dimensional block. It is done in order to get the blocks of the required size.
Since porous concrete has a porous layer, it does not isolate heat and sound, it is durable. They are also light, easy to install and control - they can be drilled, milling, cut at any angle. Gasilicate blocks have high fire resistance, are non-combustible, do not distinguish toxic components in the fire.
The folded concrete blocks are the least radioactive compared to others and are classified as a low specific class of activity. Compared with ceramic blocks, acrylic concrete is more resistant to frost cycles, but should be protected from direct deposition, as these blocks are quite good for moisture absorption. Gasosilicate blocks do not withstand excessive loads, so it is better to install wooden or other lighter overlays - not reinforced concrete plates - in their homes. Of course, you can use reinforced concrete floors, but you will need an additional enhancement of the wall.
Feature of the formation of cells
By purpose, light blocks can be structurally thermal insulating or heat-insulating, as well as structural. This is the most important difference in materials. Foam concrete, as well as aerated concrete is a derivative material, as the difference between them, you can select the method of formation of air cells.
If you think about what the foam block differs from the gas block, the comparison presented in the article will allow to understand. In foam concrete, for example, bubbles are formed by means of a foam, which is mixed with the main solution, the unit is as a result, it turns out not only light, but also strong enough, but still its heat capacity is in the role of basic quality. Foam concrete cells are closed. If we talk about the bubbles of aerated concrete, then for their formation, the aluminum powder is used, which reacts with lime before the temperature is raised and gas is released. Cells in this variety of concrete are open.
The main characteristics of the foam and gas block
If, when choosing a material, you think about the question of what the foam block differs from the gas block is different, then it is also worth considering the main characteristics of these lung concrete data. Thus, if we talk about the sizes, then the foam concrete can reach 20 mm, which cannot be said about aerated concrete, the dimensions of which are not deviated from the more than 2 mm specified. This indicates that the consumption of a masonry mixture during construction will be more in the first version of the building material, because, if necessary, it will have to fill with emptiness with a solution. In addition, dimensions affect the quality of thermal conductivity. If incorrect, incorrect and wide seams are obtained, through which heat will certainly come. Evalnamed and such qualities as density and durability. In foam concrete, the first characteristic, as the second, low, which cannot be said about the competitor, which has both parameters at a high level. This affects the convenience of transportation and styling. The thermal conductivity of the foam block is average and is 0.18-0.22, but in the second variety of light concrete, it is even lower and equal to 0.12.
Quite often, builders when thinking about the question of what the foam block differs from the gas block, pay attention to the index of moisture resistance, which the gasoblock is good, which indicates that the material is practically not able to absorb moisture. At competitive material, this quality is also good, it is hygroscopic and able to push moisture. Both material do not rot, which indicates excellent biological resistance. This can be said about chemical resistance.
Fire resistance
During the construction of private houses, the masters are often asked about what the gasoblocks differ from foam blocks, paying attention to the quality of fire resistance. In this regard, the products described are equal, they are able to resist the effects of a fire. You can use similar blocks for private construction without fearing about the fact that they can cause harm as they act as environmentally friendly materials.
It is important for the walls and the ability to protect against the noise effects, the blocks of foam and aerated concrete, good sound insulation qualities, with the only difference - the gas block is better.
Area of \u200b\u200buse
If you are interested in the question of what the gasoblocks differ from foam blocks are distinguished, then it is worth paying attention to the fact that, despite their similar qualities, it is necessary to use them with regard to density. So, in order to use foam concrete to arrange internal partitions, it is worth using the material whose density is 300 kg / m 3 or higher. As for the aerated concrete, in order to use it for the same purposes, the density should be higher, the minimum indicator of this characteristic is 400 kg / m 3. In the first case, the external walls can be erected only at a density of 1000 kg / m 3. In the second, this indicator can be reduced to 500-600 kg / m 3. If you use the foam and gas-block of the same density, the last material will show more impressive qualities of heat resistance and strength. In addition, it can be applied during the construction and the work on the interior is not required at all, which cannot be said about foam concrete, which implies the need for surface treatment
Cons of foam and gasoblock
If you have not yet defined for yourself than the foam block differs from the gasoblock and what is better, it will certainly be considered to consider the disadvantages that the foam concrete is expressed in the receipt when laying fairly wide seams. They are equal to about 10 mm, which contributes to the formation of these walls after the construction must be covered with a protective mixture both outside and from the inside. In addition, such walls and partitions are not able to breathe that in some cases the development of fungus and mold becomes cause.
Thinking about what the foam block differs from the gasoblock, the differences should certainly consider. For example, the second variety does not imply interior decorationBut it's necessary to separate the walls outside. This is necessary in order for the material to be protected from moisture. As a rule, at the same time use ventilated facades, the arrangement of which involves conducting enough complex work. You can replace this technology with the use of vapor-permeable paint or an alternative solution - plaster. However, it will not look so attractive to look at the facade.
Comparative value of materials
When professional builders and home masters think about what the gas blocks, foam blocks, aerated concrete, they necessarily pay attention to the cost of materials. It should be noted that the cost of data of cellular concrete is approximately in the same price range, but it is possible to purchase a foam concrete at a more democratic price. The initial breaking of the cost of this concrete begins with 2400 rubles per 1 m 3, while the most impressive value is 3200 rubles for the above-mentioned volume of building material. But the gasoblock costs 2800 rubles per 1 m 3, which is the lowest price for this material, while the highest is 3295 rubles for the named volume.
Finally
If you are also one of those who are interested in the question of what the foam block differs from the gas block, the instructions for use will allow you to understand which material to use. The gas-block for an inexperienced master is preferable, as it has a clearer dimensions, which indicates ease of working with it.